gauge >> /ɡeɪdʒ/
Definition: [transitive verb] Estimate or determine the magnitude, amount, or volume of.
Example: astronomers can gauge the star's intrinsic brightness
Definition: [transitive verb] Measure the dimensions of (an object) with a gauge.
Example: when dry, the assemblies can be gauged exactly and planed to width
Definition: [noun] An instrument or device for measuring the magnitude, amount, or contents of something, typically with a visual display of such information.
Example: a fuel gauge
Definition: [noun] The thickness, size, or capacity of something, especially as a standard measure.
Example: If you get a good tent, it's 60 gauges, about 130 pounds, it can take care of a family of five to seven throughout the winter, and you can have some items inside the tent that will keep the family warm.
Definition: [noun] The position of a sailing vessel to windward (weather gage) or leeward (lee gage) of another.